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But for veteran crime writer and crusading editor J. Patrick OConnor, the factsor a lack of themdidnt add up. The day after the trial ended, Coretta King held a press conference in Atlanta to praise the decision. Using their logic, the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. should be attributed to a Democratic U.S. Ray died on April 23, 1998 at the Columbia Nashville Memorial Hospital due to Hepatitis C at the age of 70. However, the assessment of King got even worse. In the hours and days after the Tucson shootings, the left wing media in America attempted to blame the Tea Party and right wing rhetoric for the deaths of six and the injuries of thirteen. Ray fled to Toronto, secured a Canadian passport through a travel agency, flew to London (May 5), then to Lisbon (May 7? Although Ray had two attempted escapes on his record, he did not have nearly as much heat on him as Westberg. Ray said he wasnt in the room when King was shot, but he was unable to consistently explain where he had been, or keep other important details in his story straight. Joseph Blakeney Brown Jr. (born July 5, 1947), known as Judge Joe Brown, is a former American lawyer and television personality. And, although the FBI later claimed to have interviewed every convict in Jefferson City who had served time with Ray, they never tried to interview me, or Davis, or Laster, or Westberg or anyone I knew. Absence of witnesses to corroborate Raoul's existence, Rental of room 5-B at Bessie Brewer's roominghouse, Irreconcilable conflicts of interest of Foreman and Hanes, Foreman's failure to investigate the case, Coercion by Foreman and the Federal Government, Ray's belief a guilty plea would not preclude a new trial, How to File a FOIA Request for Archival Records. The 12-person jury verdict unanimous exonerated the "patsy" James Earl Ray for any role in the assassination of MLK. Stoner is the following: Over the years, state and federal authorities have come to suspect that Stoner's violent rhetoric cannot be dismissed merely as fascist ravings. After the assassination, King's family did not trust the findings of the FBI, which had harassed the civil rights leader while he was alive. As with most cases, the answer is yes. The other people involved in this conspiracy, Jowers said, included Memphis police officers, a Mafia member and the infamous Raoul. Somehow, Ray managed to escape from prison on two different occasions. James Earl Ray was a supporter of George Wallace - who was a democrat in the 1960's but was on the side of segregation, which when you hear about the "party switch" of that time, these Democrats became Republicans. The jury awarded the money to the estate, deciding that Kings assassination had likely beenthe result of a conspiracy that involved Jowers, not Ray, as well as ''others, including governmental agencies.''. PRPhotos. Earl Rays family had problems with the law enforcement ever since he was a child. James Lawson, a Memphis pastor and civil rights institution who helped mentor King, said he began visiting Ray in the Memphis jail in 1969 when Ray complained about being held in solitary. Ray pleaded guilty to murder and was sentenced to 99 years in prison. Benny and I studied programming together, and in 1966 we worked in the programming office together. On March 28th, riots took place in Memphis and King was present; on March 29th, Democrat Senator Byrd threw down the gauntlet with Democrat president Lyndon Baines Johnson by delivering a fiery speech on the Senate Floor intended to get the president to stop Kings march; Johnson announced on March 31st that he would not seek reelection; a bullet would take the life of King days later on April 4th, one year to the day after delivering what many viewed as an incendiary speech at the time. In subsequent disclosures, Ray said that he was not the only person involved in the murder of King. But it turned out that rather than discharging this key Red, he had transferred and promoted ODell to a higher post within Kings Southern Christian Leadership Conference. Wait Who? Although it is possible to live in the same prison with someone for 10 years and never speak to him, it is still an intimate atmosphere. Then, the (U.S.) House Assassinations Committee spent two years and $2.5 million investigating the case. The date was November 9, 1963. In 1997, King told Ray personally that both he and his family believed him. Ray, a hardened thief, robber and a sometimes-moody liar, assassinated the Rev. Those who express skepticism at the results of the 1999 trial in which James Earl Ray was found innocent of assassinating King have an incredible hurdle to overcome the belief of the King family, which sides with Ray. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! Westberg was warned, and hurriedly got out of the box, which was then filled with bread. In that atmosphere, escape became almost impossible. Later, though, he claimed he left the prints to gain international notoriety. But even if Ray had help, the evidence strongly pointed to him pulling the trigger. I don't recall that your name's ever been submitted, sir. At that time, King was well aware of Levisons and ODells communist affiliations. Further information about this communist was found in the book, Its Very Simple: The True Story of Civil Rights, by the late author and speaker Alan Stang. James Earl Ray could easily have placed complete faith in Stoner. On January 26, 1976, Time magazine devoted four pages to the King assassination, drawing heavily on material from McMillan's book, which was scheduled for publication later that year: In 1963 and 1964 Martin Luther King was on TV almost every day, talking defiantly about how black people were going to get their rights, insisting that they would accept with nonviolence all the terrible violence that white people were inflicting on them, until the day of victory arrived, until they did overcome. https://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/james-earl-ray-30416.php. PRPhotos. Dexter and his family too believed that he did not commit the crime and urged the government to grant a new trial to Ray. Dexter King went so far as to name Memphis Police Department Officer, Lt. Earl Clark as his fathers assassin. On June 8 he was apprehended by London police at Heathrow Airport as he was about to embark for Brussels; the FBI had established him as the prime suspect almost immediately after the assassination. Stokely Carmichael of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), an extremist Black Nationalist organization, has conferred with King. Kershaw made Ray to take a polygraph test as part of an interview with Playboy. He knew we viewed Ray as a not-too-bright hillbilly. Because Ray had previously tried to escape by hiding out inside the prison, the officials assumed this was another bungled attempt, and they began a meticulous search of the prison, which covered 47 acres. Most of my friends were people I'd known in reform school, or people I'd met through them. James Earl Jones. Jack Kershaw Is Dead at 96; Challenged Conviction in King's Death. Laster made several more desperate attempts to escape, including one attempt to saw out of death row (during which a guard captain was blinded). Brown apparently raised his voice and interrupted a magistrate judge while representing a woman seeking child support in Shelby County Juvenile Court. Assassination. [4] By 1978, Brown became the first African-American prosecutor in Memphis, and he later directed the Memphis public defender's office. His first prison break happened in 1967, when he escaped the Missouri State Penitentiary on a bread truck before fleeing to Canada. Based on the results of a civil trial in 1999, Byrds speech would have almost necessarily have played an even more direct role if the verdict is to be accepted. James Earl Ray was white. "just to throw the public off. The prosecutors have enough efficient evidence in establishing guilt against James Earl Ray concerning the murder of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. First, James Earl Ray was in close enough vicinity of the Lorraine Hotel to successfully fire a clear shot to kill Dr. King from only a block away. On 30 January 1961, Dexter Scott King, the third child of Martin and Coretta Scott King, was born. He also founded his own white supremacist party. The 20-page paper, which was classified as. A year before, hed escaped from Missouri State Penitentiary while serving a 20-year sentence, and was on the lam at the time King was shot. [12], Brown is an Independent candidate for the 2023 Memphis mayoral election. The only thing publicity could do was further humiliate them. But, having tried to escape from the maximum-security prison, we both had joined a small list of convicts who would be watched at all times by the guards. Meanwhile, William Bradford Huie, gathering information for his book, One of the most intriguing aspects of the, John Wayne Gacy Confessed to Killing Dozens (December 22, 1978). James Earl Ray was an American assassin convicted for the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. After his conviction, he spent all his life in prison. Jerry Ray was J.B. Stoner's campaign manager when Stoner ran for Governor of Georgia against Jimmy Carter. In one instance, the FBI sent him a tape that allegedly contained audio of him having an affair. James Earl Ray lowers his head as State Safety commissioner Greg O'Rear, white hat, and Highway Patrol Maj. Mickey McGuire, dark glasses, lead him to prison in Nashville, Tenn., March 11, 1969. At the Tag Plant I met Jerry Ward Davis, an Oklahoman who'd been shot in 1959 after kidnapping several guards (along with Rollie Laster and Ronnie Westberg) during an attempted escape that involved the use of zip-guns. So, even if I conceded the possibility that Ray had sold drugs, it would have been in small quantities, and for a brief period of time. To believe that the King family was motivated exclusively by publicity, one must believe that all of its members were involved in selling out the truth of their loved ones assassination for three figures. When authorities caught him in London, hed been planning to travel to Rhodesia, a former African state ruled by a white minority in present-day Zimbabwe. "[11], Responding to a bar discipline complaint filed regarding the contempt incident, Brown declared himself unable to adequately defend himself as a result of health issues including type II diabetes, hypertension, and stress. James Earl Ray. He shot. Ray, whose previous history as a criminal was notable only for its ineptness, fled to Canada after the killing, assumed a new identity complete with credentials, then fled to England where he was arrested trying to fly out to another country. Weirich responded: "Its a sad day that someone that out of touch with reality considers himself a viable candidate for one of the important positions in Shelby County. I first met Benny Edmondson at the Algoa Reformatory in 1956, where he was teaching typing at the school. As the paper notes: Through Levisons influence, other subversives were attracted to SCLC [The Southern Christian Leadership Conference, which King helped found]. Early Ray had a criminal history starting from the time he left the American Army. I grew up in one of the toughest neighborhoods in South Central Los Angeles. [7] He lost the general election to Republican incumbent Amy Weirich by 65% to 35%, after making comments about her sexuality. No vehicle traffic would have been allowed in or out until he was found. The shot that killed Dr. King was fired from the bathroom window at the Ray spent the rest of his life in prison and suffered with kidney and liver ailments in his last years. James Earl Ray had traveled to Montreal while on the run, and claimed that he'd met a man named "Raoul" in Montreal, and that Raoul had furnished him with money, and eventually masterminded the King assassination-using Ray as the fall-guy. In the early 1990s, he started suggesting that the government might be behind the assassination. It got so that the very sight of King would galvanize Ray. Moreover, Jerry Ray and James Earl Ray are close. The President, Milteer said, would be shot "from an office building with a high-powered rifle," and a patsy would be picked up within hours . James Earl Ray was a racist, but there was circumstantial evidence that a businessman in St. Louis had established a $50,000 bounty for Kings death.. The damage to the clothing was consistent with the caliber Their goal was to cover all aspects of true crime: Read More, Contents Copyright 1998-2020 by Crime Magazine | J. Patrick O'Connor Editor | E-mail CrimeMagazine.com, Designed by Orman. [3] Brown has spoken about how his upbringing shaped his philosophy. It endangers the premise of the place. ", The Miami police were sufficiently impressed with Milteer's seriousness that the Secret Service was alerted, and an imminent presidential motorcade into the city was canceled. The George Wallace Democrat of the 1960's aligns with the and is the Republican Party we know today. Since Ray's arrest for the assassination, he has become mythified. By that time I was classified as incorrigible. Ray confessed to the crime on March 10, 1969 and received a 99-year prison sentence, which increased to a 100-year sentence after he briefly escaped in 1977. What Political Party was James Earl Ray part of? But among legal and historical scholars, there is a broad consensus that James Earl Ray, though he may not have acted alone, is the gunman who shot Martin Luther King. The box was picked up, and Ray successfully escaped on April 23, 1967. James Earl Ray was a racist, but there was circumstantial evidence that a businessman in St. Louis had established a $50,000 bounty for King's death." . This time, Ray rented an apartment for $100 a month at 1535 N. Serrano Ave., a. James Earl Ray, (born March 10, 1928, Alton, Illinois, U.S.died April 23, 1998, Nashville, Tennessee), American assassin of the African American civil-rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr. But after HBO conducted a televised mock trial about the assassination in 1993in which Ray gave his first public testimony and was found not guiltyJowers declared that hed been part of a conspiracy to kill King, and that Ray had been set up to take to fall. After the publication of the Playboy story, Ray fired Kershaw when he found that Playboy paid him $11,000 for facilitating the interview. There is abundant evidence of a major high level conspiracy in the assassination of my husband, Martin Luther King, Jr., Coretta King said at a press conference in 1999, according to The King Center. Under the sub-head Communist Exposed, the paper went on to reveal more about ODell: King was forced to get rid of Hunter Pitts ODell in October, 1962, when several newspaper articles exposed ODells connection with SCLC and his communist affiliations. On April 4, 1967 a year to the day prior to Kings assassination King delivered his Beyond Vietnam speech at Riverside Baptist Church in New York City. nitrites would have indicated a close-range discharge). In 1983, President Ronald Reagan signed the holiday into law, and it was first recognized three years later. Later in life his pleas for a trial were encouraged by some civil-rights leaders, notably the King family. 14. The manhunt was the most expensive and biggest for the FBI (at that time). a right twist by the rifle from which it had been fired. [16] Brown surrendered to the Shelby County Sheriff on August 27, 2015, to serve his five-day sentence at the Shelby County Corrections Facility in Memphis. For some 50 years, the federal government has maintained that James Earl Ray was the gunman who assassinated King that day. He got a 99-year prison sentence, which he served until he died of liver failure due to hepatitis C on . On Feb. 17, 1997, while working for The Tennessean, I sat in the office of ReverendKings youngest son, Dexter, then chairman, president and chief executive officer of the King Center for Non Violent Social Change in Atlanta, as he told me why his family felt Ray should have a new trial. He was about five years older than me. He earned a bachelor's degree in political science from the University of California, Los Angeles and a Juris Doctor from UCLA School of Law. Blakey, who served as chief counsel for the House Assassinations Committee, made his comments after ReverendKings widow, Coretta Scott King, asked President Bill Clinton in the spring of 1998 to appoint a commission to examine what she said was new evidence regarding her husbands death. Dr. Martin . The 12-person jury verdict unanimous exonerated the "patsy" James Earl Ray for any role in the assassination of MLK. I occasionally rented magazines from Ray, but other inmates usually had a larger selection, and better quality magazines. 2023 A&E Television Networks, LLC. Ray told me several times, and I have it on tape, that he bought the rifle that was used in the King slaying. Just once, he was caught with three packs of cigarettes, a pound of coffee and a ballpoint pen. I wholeheartedly applaud the verdict of the jury and I feel that justice has been well served in their deliberations, she said. pleaded guilty to the first degree murder of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. The verdict did convict Loyd Jowers and "other parties known and unknown" for their parts in the vast US government conspiracy to assassinate King. (Benny had taken two years of civil engineering in college.). Warren Mass has served The New American since its launch in 1985 in several capacities, including marketing, editing, and writing. It was a clear case of arson, and five people from Marlborough were duly convicted of the crime. The day after a stabbing, for example, virtually everyone in the prison who is considered "solid" would know who had done the stabbing. Some people had trouble, for example, believing Ray had arranged his international escape all by himself, since he had a track record of getting caught for more minor crimes. After Ray was arrested for the assassination of Martin Luther King, it was widely believed that those erroneous prints were proof that the King conspiracy began in Jefferson City, and that someone employed at the prison was involved. The scandal was so bad it led to the downfall of Warden Nash, who then shot himself.). What would it have taken for the Goldmans and the Browns to have believed Orenthals story that he was innocent? A two month long manhunt spanning five countries was launched by the law enforcement agencies to nab him. The next section of the FBI paper was subheaded Strong Communist Influence. It pulled no punches in stating: Another complicating factor in the picture is the degree of communist influence on King. 9 A staff report, An Analysis of James Earl Ray's Trip to New Orleans, December 15-21, 1967, appears in XIII Appendix to the HSCA-MLK hearings (hereinafter referred to as staff report: New Orleans trip). That investigation declassified scores of memos detailing the bureaus abusive behavior, but did not reveal any evidence that the FBI had formally plotted his death. One of Kings principal advisors is Stanley David Levison. When the day came, Ray walked up to the bread box, got in, and asked a guy named Don to cover him. In prison I knew men who would stab you to death over a carton of cigarettes, or for even a slight insult. He is a member of Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity.[3]. I got to know him better when he came to Jeff City with a sentence for robbery. Soon after his release from prison, he was again convicted for mail fraud in Hannibal, Missouri and served three prison sentences at the Leavenworth Federal Penitentiary. James Earl White (born July 16, 1964) is a former member of the Texas House of Representatives for District 19, which encompassed Polk, Hardin, Jasper, Newton, and Tyler counties. James Earl Ray (March 10, 1928 - April 23, 1998) was an American fugitive convicted for assassinating Martin Luther King Jr. at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee, on April 4, 1968. Judge Horne did have the authority to hold him in contempt. Stoner certainly wasnt the only radical white supremacist running around, however-just the best known. The prison officials knew that Ray's escape, and involvement in the King assassination, would forever blemish their professional records as penologists. it near 424 South Main Street, It is highly probable that James Earl Ray stalked Dr. King for a In my interviews with him, I've found him to be eerily unflappable. You would also know who had just gotten a shipment of dope. [4] While on the bench he was known for his sometimes unusual sentences, such as, sentencing a child molester to confess to his church congregation and ordering a drug trafficker to apologize in a newspaper letter.[5]. King was one of the worst enemies my people ever had. Her reference to my people was to her race, since she was black. 10 Disturbing and Unexplained Facts About James Earl Ray, MLK's Assassin. While attending law school, Brown worked as a substitute teacher. Ray was born in Alton, IL,in 1928, the son of working class Scots-Irish parents. The explanation is much simpler. The paper quotes Kings statement explaining his strategy: To dislocate the function of a city without destroying it can be more effective than a riot, because it can be longer lasting, costly to society, and not wantonly destructive., Kings admission that the strategy he planned for Washington, D.C, would be costly to society is startling in view of a fact noted in The Urban Institute report, Our Changing City, which observed: 1950 also marked the start of the white exodus to the suburbs. "[10], In August 2015, Brown served five days in the Shelby County Jail after having been held in contempt of court in March 2014. Charley McCracken, a friend from the St. Louis City Jail, pointed him out to me in H-Hall, where the newly arriving convicts at the maximum-security penitentiary were oriented. Jerry Ray had moved in with Stoner, and shot an intruder who broke into Stoner's office which was in the same building as the living quarters. Therefore, I challenge your authority to hear it. The first time I saw James Earl Ray, he had just arrived at the Missouri State Penitentiary in Jefferson City. James Earl Ray was born in a poor family on March 10, 1928 in Alton, Illinois, USA. [23] After his release, he compared himself to notable civil rights activists who spent significant time imprisoned for their activism like Martin Luther King Jr., Nelson Mandela, and Stokely Carmichael. We knew that anytime you try to escape from a maximum-security prison you run the risk of being shot. In no uncertain terms, Byrd was calling on Johnson to stop Kings march on D.C. Starting with his contribution to the presidential campaign of Wallace, Ray developed a strong animosity towards Martin Luther King Jr. Back in Memphis, Ray pleaded guilty, forfeiting a trial, and was sentenced to 99 years in prison. While attending law school, Brown worked as a substitute teacher. Judge Brown's lawyer filed an appeal, but the appeal was refused. From the viewpoint of a man who served time with Ray in prison, then went on to become a journalist, and continued to follow the case, with some emphasis on Ray's mentality, how he escaped from prison, and why there is reason to believe white supremacists may have been behind King's murder. For some 50 years, the federal. If it hadn't been for the two escape attempts, Ray would almost certainly have been paroled by the time he actually did escape. He simply hounded you (not that Ray was a coward, or afraid to fight, but he wasn't the type to start the fight). Ray, who was on escape from a Missouri prison in 1968 claimed, however, that he had gone to a service station to get a tire repaired when the shot was fired. After the King shooting, one person living at the rooming house where the shot was fired described the assassin as heavy set with receding hair. He might have eked out enough money to meet his basic needs (he didn't smoke), but not much more than that. He guided King in deciding whether to accept or reject public appearances. Kershaw and Ray approached the United States House Select Committee on Assassinations and got approval for the conduct of ballistics tests. Unfortunately, the scene described by McMillan could not have happened. Along with the rifle, he also bought a 2X-7X scope to aim the target well. The cartridge case (Q3) found in the Q2 rifle had been fired When I got out the third time, I worked in the Tag Plant. Said Byrd: Yesterday, Mr. President, the Nation was given a preview of what may be in store for this city by the outrageous and despicable riot that Martin Luther King helped to bring about in Memphis, Tenn. A confirmed racist and small-time criminal, James Earl Ray began plotting the assassination of revered civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. in early 1968. While on the lam in the 1950s, Ray lived in Puerto Vallarta, Mexico under the pseudonym Eric Stalvo Galt. While there, Eric Galt ordered video equipment through the mail to start up a business as a small-time pornographer. There were no cellblock TVs in Jefferson City in 1963 and 1964. In the course of our conversation, I pressed him for details regarding drug sales or any other illegal activities in which staff and/or inmates might have been involved. and other allegedly exculpatory evidence are not worthy of belief. Hunter Pitts ODell, former National Committee member of the CPUSA, was employed by SCLC. Born in a poor family, Ray had a difficult childhood as his father could not support his family. The ballistics tests proved to be inconclusive and Ray remained in prison. In order to hang onto your drugs, people had to know that you would kill them without hesitation. He told the clerks at the Aeromarine Supply Company in Brimingham, Alabama (from where he brought the rifle) that he was going on a hunting trip with his brother. Those of us who had been involved in escape attempts did not consider Ray a joke. Each year, the third Monday in January is a celebration to commemoratethe life and accomplishments of Martin Luther King Jr., the tireless civil rights activist who was gunned down in Memphis, TN, in 1968. The project, while stopping short of violent riots, nevertheless advocated widespread civil disobedience (a nonviolent, but nevertheless illegal activity) that King said he and 3,000 of his followers planned on staging in Washington that spring. [6] It was during this time that Brown caught the attention of the producers of Judge Judy. In 1967, he returned to the United States (Los Angeles) from Mexico and took dancing classes in a bartending school. He began to call him Martin "Lucifer" King and Martin Luther "Coon." "doesn't know anything.". Its important to note that this verdict was not a criminal conviction, as is sometimes erroneously implied when this case surfaces online. The Committee Believes, on the Basis of the Circumstantial Evidence Available to it, that there is a Likelihood that James Earl Ray Assassinated Dr. Martin Luther King, JR., as a Result of a Conspiracy. Search for the Killer (April 4- June 8, 1968), the Young & Morrow rooming house Examine the rooming house where James Earl Ray stayed on the day of the assassination, the bathroom window documented as the site of the fatal shot, evidence recovered at the scene, and evidence leading to the capture and arrest of James Earl Ray. This list details the strange, unstable life of James Earl Ray, a man who confessed to and then spent his life denyingthe murder of Martin Luther King Jr. While serving in the military, Ray was often charged with drunkenness and breaking arrest. He admitted to staying at the rooming house from where authorities said the bullet that struck Rev. He did not want to be buried in the USA because he considered that the American government did not treat him fairly. james earl ray political partymr patel neurosurgeon cardiff 27 februari, 2023 . He made the FBI Most Wanted List before his recapture. All Rights Reserved. James Earl Ray (March 10, 1928 - April 23, 1998) was an American fugitive convicted for assassinating Martin Luther King Jr. at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee, on April 4, 1968. Years of civil engineering in college. ) something that does n't look right, click here contact. As part of professional records as penologists Ray a joke which it had been fired to grant new! 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Cellblock TVs in Jefferson City Reagan signed the holiday into law, and it was a clear of... Well aware of Levisons and ODells communist affiliations have the authority to hold him in contempt criminal history from... In 1928, the factsor a lack of themdidnt add up prison I knew men who stab. 23, 1967 but for veteran crime writer and crusading editor J. Patrick,. Prison I knew men who would james earl ray political party you to Death over a carton of,! Said the bullet that struck Rev his family believed him the gunman who assassinated that!

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